Immigrations to Turkey from Greece between 1911 and 1923 :: essays research papers

Immigrations to Turkey from Greece between 1911 and 1923In 1911, 51% of the Ottoman europium (Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece and Montenegro) existence was Muslim but with emigrations, it downed to minorities of Muslims in some territories (McCarthy, 1995). Most of these immigrations were obligate immigrations. If person immigrate, because she does not have the minimum basic needs in domicile that called forced immigration (pek, 2000). Forced immigrations argon not solo the problem of present days but with twentieth century, forced immigration becomes a legal issue. Forced immigrations have an objective that to un-mix the population of the selected territories or to homogenise the territories (Barutciski, 2004). Homogenous communities are easier than mixed ones to be controlled and homogenous communities are less likely to have intercommunity conflicts. Thus forced immigrations are the movement of consolidating political power. Byk Mbadele or 1923 throw of Greek and Turkish populat ions was not the first attempt to formalise the population switch over but it is one of the earliest and most controversial world-wide treaties on this subject (Barutciski, 2004) and the first internationally ratified compulsory population exchange. With the conventionalism concerning the exchange of Greek and Turkish populations at Lausanne, after beginning(a) May 1923 Muslims in Greek territories and Greek Orthodox in Turkish territories were compulsorily exchanged except Muslims in Western Trace and Greeks in Istanbul. 1.5 million Greek and Turk were forced to leave their homelands. There is a exit between Greek movement and Turkish movement Greeks mostly migrate with retreating Greek army as a result of Greek subjugate in 1922 and without waiting permission, but most of the Turks emigrate after the convention. more than than 1 million Greek escaped from Turkey before convention of population exchange (Ar, 1995). According to official record of the Mixed delegation only 1 89.916 Greek were transferred to Greece after 1923 convention but 354.647 Turks transferred in this menstruum (Hirshchot, 2004). There were not many Turks who immigrate in 1922 because, for Turkish immigrants the 1923 exchange is the only way to escape from Greek oppression in that period. The condition refugee is not suitable for these groups as defined in international laws because they were right off granted full citizenship. The term that is used in Turkish is Muhacir to identify to people who forcibly leave their homeland and enter the Ottoman empire and Turkey and specifically the word Mbadil is referring to the 1923 exchange (Hirshchot, 2004).