Examining Ethnic Differences in Achievemen Essay Example for Free

Examining Ethnic Differences in Achievemen study1. The definition of an heathenish group is a group of people of the same race or nationality that make prohibited the same cultural norms and values. 2. Three ways in which the education system whitethorn encourage musical interval between children of different ethnic backgrounds atomic number 18 Labelling and teacher racism, many teachers label their students and studies by interactionist sociologists found out that many teachers labelled b wish children as disruptive and they didnt want them in their class. A nonher ground is the ethnocentric curriculum. Troyna and Williams describe the curriculum in British teachs as ethnocentric because it gives priority to white nicety and the English language this causes separation between white pupils and other ethnic pupils. A final intellect is the selection and segregation available to takes. David Gillborn argues that marketization has given schools greater scope to select pup ils. This puts some ethnic nonage pupils at a disadvantage because selection gives more scope for negative stereotypes to influence decisions about school admissions.3. There are many ways in which factors in childrens home background may rent to differences in achievement levels between ethnic groups. The first way is cultural deprivation this is fork into 3 aspects. The first is intellectual and lingual skills. Cultural deprivation theorists argue that many children from low-income black families lack intellectual stimulation and enriching experiences. Bereiter and Engelmann consider the language spoken by low-income black American families as myopic for educational success.The next aspect is attitudes and values. Cultural deprivation theorists say that some black children are socialised into a subculture that instils a fatalistic live for toady attitude that does not value education and leaves them unequipped for success. The final aspect of cultural deprivation is family str ucture and parental support. Daniel Moynihan argues that because many black families are headed by a lone mother, their children are deprived of adequate care because she has to struggle financially in the absence seizure of a male breadwinner.Also Ken Pryce claims that Asians are higher achievers because their cukture is more resistant to racism and gives them a greater sense of self-worth. However, he argues, black Caribbean culture is less cohesive and less resistant to racism. As a result, many balck pupils have low self-esteem and under-achieve. Another reason is Material deprivation and class. match to Flaherty Pakistanis and Bangladeshis are over three times more liable(predicate) than whites to be in the poorest fifth of the population, as a result statistics show that Pakistani and Bangladeshi boys are among the lowest ethnic groups in the country to obtain 5 A-C GCSEs.A final reason is racism in wider society. David stonemason says discrimination is a continuing and per sistent feature of the experience of Britains citizens of minority ethnic origin. 4. The differences in educational attainment between different groups of pupils have been a major focus of much sociological research. These differences can often be seen to be largely due to different social class, but to a fault gender or ethnicity. Social class is the most significant and dominant factor when looking at these differences, but ethnicity also has a relative impact on educational achievementEducation has a key role to play in eradicating racism and valuing diversity and it a responsibility for all educational establishments, including those with few or no ethnic minority pupils. Promoting racial tinctity demands a whole school approach and commitment from all those who are involved in the life and work of their school. Racism is think to the educational achievement of minority ethnic groups, however the connections are complex.Gilborn and Mirza conclude that social class and gende r differences are also associated with differences in attainment but neither can account for persistent rudimentary ethnic inequalities comparing like with like, African Caribbean, Pakistani and Bangladeshi pupils do not enjoy equal opportunities. They also argue that in promoting educational inclusion as a means of raising standards, at that place is a need for clarity and guidance in translating the commitment to equality and inclusion into policy proposals and reading at the local and school level.Many cultural deprivation theorists see the lack of intellectual and linguistic skills as a major cause of under-achievement. Gordon Bowker identifies their lack of standard English as a major barrier to progress in education and integration into wider society. However the Swann Report found that language was not a major factor in under-achievement. Other cultural deprivation theorists suc as Charles Murray argue that a high rate of lone parenthood and a lack of positive male role m odels lead to the under-achievement of some minorities.Also Anthony Flew believes that ethnic differences in achievement stem from cultural differences outside the education system, not discrimination within it. However Geoffrey Driver criticises the cultural deprivation theory for ignoring the positive effects of ethnicity on achievement. He shows that the black Caribbean family, far from being dysfunctional, provides girls with positive role models of strong independent wome Driver argues this is why black girls tend to be more successful in education than black boys.Some socilogists that the ethnic differences in education are cause by racism. John Rex shows how racial discrimination leads to social ejection and how this worsens the poverty faced by ethnic minorities. In housing, for instance, discrimination means that minorities are more likely to be forced into substandard acoomodation than white people of the same class. This creates separation due to the ethnic children not being able to study at home and therefore getting lower grades than the white children who are able to study at home.